Fig. 1

IPRN suppressed the activation of RA FLSs. After treatment with to TNF-α (10 ng/mL), RA FLSs were treated with IPRN (10 μM or 20 μM) or not for 24 h. a The expression of IL-6, IL-8, MMP1, MMP3, CXCL9, and CXCL10 were investigated by ELISA. b, c Cells were collected and Transwell assay were used to evaluate their migration (b) and invasion (c). d Supernatants from RA FLSs were collected and used as conditioned medium to culture HUVECs to perform tube formation assay. The data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n=6) and are from three independent experiments with similar results. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01, and ^***P< 0.001