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Table 5 Incidence rates, hazard ratios, and odds ratios of incident hand OA per treatment group following Cox regression analysis and GEE analysis among those without distal interphalangeal osteoarthritis at baseline (N = 894)

From: Increased radiographic progression of distal hand osteoarthritis occurring during biologic DMARD monotherapy for concomitant rheumatoid arthritis

Exposure

Incident hand OA events

Person-time [years]

IR per 1000 person-years

Crude HR (95% CI)

Adjusted HR (95% CI) a

Crude OR (95% CI)

Adjusted OR (95% CI)a

Analysis using baseline information only

 csDMARD

119

2239.0

53.1

Ref (1.00)

Ref (1.00)

NA

NA

 bDMARD

10

147.2

67.9

1.44 (0.77–2.67)

1.41 (0.75–2.65)

NA

NA

 Combination

43

750.6

57.3

1.13 (0.80–1.60)

1.09 (0.75–1.58)

NA

NA

 Past-use

4

55.2

72.5

1.40 (0.54–3.61)

1.85 (0.73–4.66)

NA

NA

 Never-use

22

793.1

27.7

0.52 (0.33–0.84)

0.59 (0.36–0.97)

NA

NA

Time-varying analysis

 csDMARD

96

1952.7

49.2

Ref (1.00)

Ref (1.00)

Ref (1.00)

Ref (1.00)

 bDMARD

20

377.6

53

0.94 (0.59–1.50)

0.89 (0.56–1.43)

1.14 (0.70–1.87)

1.05 (0.63–1.75)

 Combination

68

1212.7

56.1

1.06 (0.78–1.44)

1.07 (0.78–1.46)

1.08 (0.79–1.49)

1.04 (0.75–1.44)

 Past-use

7

111.4

62.8

1.06 (0.51–2.19)

1.08 (0.50–2.33)

1.51 (0.68–3.32)

1.46 (0.66–3.25)

 Never-use

7

330.7

21.2

0.55 (0.26–1.19)

0.72 (0.32–1.61)

0.92 (0.42–2.01)

1.05 (0.47–2.33)

  1. bDMARD biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug, CI confidence interval, csDMARD conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug, IR incidence rate, HR hazard ratio
  2. aAdjusted for age, sex (time-invariant), body mass index, rheumatoid arthritis duration, rheumatoid factor (time-invariant), DAS28-esr score, prednisone use, cardiac disorders, hypertension, osteoporosis, hand surgery, large joint osteoarthritis, or hip/knee arthroplasty