Fig. 1
From: Insulin-like growth factor-1 in articular cartilage repair for osteoarthritis treatment
Schematic diagram of the IGF-I/PI3K/Akt and IGF-I/MAPK/ERK signaling pathways in articular cartilage metabolism. IGF-1 contributes to the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). IGF-1promotes proteoglycan synthesis in chondrocytes by activating the PI3K pathway and stimulates chondrocyte proliferation via the PI3K and MEK/ERK pathways