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Fig. 4 | Arthritis Research & Therapy

Fig. 4

From: A comprehensive profile of chemokines in the peripheral blood and vascular tissue of patients with Takayasu arteritis

Fig. 4

A proposed model illustrating chemokines discovered in the present study and their potential role in the pathogenesis of TAK. CCL22, RANTES, CXCL16, CXCL11, and IL-16 were increased in the peripheral blood as well as vascular tissue of TAK. In active vascular lesions, the infiltration was predominated by CD3+ T cells, a less proportion of CD68+ macrophage and CD19+ B cells. Among these five chemokines, CCL22, IL-16, and CXCL11 were distributed in vascular infiltration. RANTES was expressed in a relative low level. In addition, CXCL11 was also expressed in adventitial microvessels, while CXCL16 was mainly expressed in adventitial microvessel wall. Based on their functions, their potential roles in TAK were presumed as followed: ① CCL22 may participate in macrophage recruitment; ② RANTES is able to recruit multiple cells, but the specific cell type it functions needs further exploration; ③ CXCL16 probably involves in migration of peripheral immune cells from adventitial microvessels to vascular lesions; ④ CXCL11 may recruit active T cells as well as participate in the recruitment immune cells from microvessels; ⑤ IL-16 probably promotes CD4+ T cells infiltration

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