Fig. 1

PRISMA diagram outlining all SLE apps that were initially identified and subsequently excluded or included for analysis. This figure follows the flow of the SLE app identification and selection process. The initial database search yielded 841 applications, with 495 apps from the Google Play Store and 346 from the App Store. After all 841 apps underwent a title and app description screening, 805 apps were excluded due to their irrelevance to SLE patients. This process left 36 apps eligible for a full app screening. For the following reasons, 19 applications were eliminated from the second phase of screening: there were 6 duplicates (the same app appeared in more than one search), 5 apps did not function, and 8 apps were unrelated to the purpose of this review. Following the full app screening, 17 apps were ultimately included in the final analysis