Fig. 1

Characterization of the extracellular vesicles (EVs) for B cell treatment. A Representative plots of EV size according to the FSC-A and SSC-A parameters defined by using beads with reference diameters (0.1, 1, 3, and 6 µm) (left panel) or granulocyte, monocyte lymphocyte, and platelet populations (right panel). B EVs are sensitive to detergent treatment. Representative CD41a versus FSC-A dot plots and CD41a histograms of EVs untreated and treated with 0.05% Triton X-100. CD41a positivity was rapidly altered after Triton X-100 addition. C The vesicular nature and size of EVs. Representative microphotographs of scanning transmission electron microscopy of EVs. These images demonstrate the vesicular shape and size expected for m/lEVs. D Representative IgG expression of m/lEVs from HD (HD-m/lEVs), patients with RA (PRA-m/lEVs), and those from patients with RA that form immune complexes (PRA-m/lEV-ICs). Representative results of at least three independent experiments are shown for all the experiments