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Fig. 4 | Arthritis Research & Therapy

Fig. 4

From: Xanthine oxidase inhibitor urate-lowering therapy titration to target decreases serum free fatty acids in gout and suppresses lipolysis by adipocytes

Fig. 4

XOI-based ULT effects in lipolysis. A Samples collected at 24 weeks of treatment showed significant alterations in medium chain FAs and long chain FAs. Green: indicates significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) between the groups shown, metabolite ratio of < 1.00. Light green: narrowly missed statistical cutoff for significance 0.05 < p < 0.10, metabolite ratio of < 1.00. Red: indicates significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) between the groups shown, metabolite ratio of ≥1.00. Light red: narrowly missed statistical cutoff for significance 0.05 < p < 0.10, metabolite ratio of ≥ 1.00. Blue: indicates significant (p ≤ 0.05) ANOVA. Light blue: indicates 0.05 < p < 0.10 ANOVA effect. B Free FA release into the media over 30 min following administration of 10 μM CL-316,243 [32] or vehicle control to 3T3-L1 adipocytes pretreated with febuxostat (F, 50 μM) and/or colchicine (C, 10 nM) for 72 h. C TNF treatment at 17 ng/mL was administered for 36 h before the addition of febuxostat (50 μM) and/or colchicine 10 nM. Lipolysis was assessed 72 h later by measuring free FA secreted into the cell culture media over 60 min. Data in B and C presented as mean ± SEM. #p < 0.05, by Holm-Sidak post hoc test after significant 2-way ANOVA for the control versus CL (B) or TNF (C) treated groups, within vehicle, F, C, or F and C treated group. *p < 0.05, by Holm-Sidak post hoc test after significant 2-way ANOVA for the vehicle versus F, C, or F and C treated groups, within CL (B) or TNF (C) treated group

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