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Table 1 Description of presenting clinical features used in cluster analysis

From: Cluster analysis of patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) based on clinical presentation symptoms: a UK population-based cohort study

 

Description

Eye

Keratoconjunctivitis, episcleritis, scleritis, uveitis, non-infective conjunctivitis, significant proptosis without underlying infection or malignancy

ENT

Deafness, blocked ear, otitis media, ear discharge, mastoiditis, sinusitis with symptoms of blocked sinus and sinus pain or deformity, purulent or bloody nasal discharge, nasal ulceration as evidenced by epistaxis, congestion, discharge or obstruction, deafness (hearing difficulty, deafness, blocked ear, deteriorating hearing without specified cause), hoarseness of voice and subglottic stenosis

Cough

Any cough

Breathlessness

Breathlessness, shortness of breath, dyspnoea of any severity and aetiology

Cardiac chest pain

Cardiac chest pain, angina

Chest pain (not specified)

Chest pain other than cardiac chest pain and angina

Chronic renal disease (CRF)

Chronic renal failure, chronic renal disease (underlying cause hypertension)

Acute renal failure (ARF)

Acute renal failure, raised creatinine, acute or chronic renal failure

Proteinuria/haematuria

Proteinuria, haematuria (any aetiology)

Fatigue

Any fatigue, lethargy, malaise, asthenia, tiredness, lassitude, general weakness

Constitutional

Fever/sweats (fevers, pyrexia, rigours or night sweats without specified cause), lethargy and documented weight loss due to any cause

Musculoskeletal

Myalgia (aching muscles, muscle pain, polymyalgia), arthritis (arthralgia or arthritis without specified cause)

Neuropathy

Peripheral neuropathy, tingling or burning sensation of extremity

Rash

Any rash or purpura

Gastrointestinal

Abdominal symptoms of intestinal aetiology including abdominal pain, bleeding in stools and abdominal distension

Non-specific abdominal symptoms

Diarrhoea of any aetiology, abdominal pain due to other causes and bloating