Fig. 2

Cytokine levels in longitudinally followed ANA⁺ subjects lacking a SARD diagnosis stratified for the presence or absence of clinical progression over the subsequent 2 years. Levels of the various cytokines in clinical progressors (n = 13) and non-progressors (n = 42). Scatterplots showing the results for the IFN5 score and the cytokines, IFN-α measured by high-sensitivity ELISA, IFN-α measured by Simoa, CXCL-10, Galectin-9, and IFN-γ (all shown using logarithmic scales). Each circle represents a single subject, with the bars indicating the median for the subjects and error bars denoting the interquartile range. Significant differences between progressors and non-progressors are indicated by asterisks, ** p < 0.01