Hypochromic red cells as a prognostic indicator of survival among patients with systemic sclerosis screened for pulmonary hypertension

Xanthouli, Panagiota; Gordjani, Ojan; Benjamin, Nicola; Harutyunova, Satenik; Egenlauf, Benjamin; Marra, Alberto M.; Haas, Simon; Milde, Nicklas; Blank, Norbert; Lorenz, Hanns-Martin; Fiehn, Christoph; Ulrich, Silvia; Distler, Oliver; Grünig, Ekkehard; Eichstaedt, Christina A.

doi:10.1186/s13075-023-03020-y

Table 3 Baseline characteristics of patients with HRC ≤ 2% or > 2%

From: Hypochromic red cells as a prognostic indicator of survival among patients with systemic sclerosis screened for pulmonary hypertension

Parameter [unit]	Cohort with HRC% ≤ 2% (n = 123)				Cohort with HRC% > 2% (n = 48)				p
Parameter [unit]	Mean or n	±	SD or (%)	n^a	Mean or n	±	SD or (%)	n^a	p
Age [years]	59.65	±	12.93		61.42	±	13.81		0.432
Height [cm]	166.7	±	8.38		162.63	±	7.44		0.004
Weight [kg]	71.18	±	16.06		66.4	±	14.01		0.072
Female sex, no. [%]	97		78.9%		42		87.5%		0.193
World Health Organization functional class									0.017
I	25		20.3%		9		18.8%
II	69		56.1%		16		33.3%
III	26		21.2%		20		41.7%
IV	3		2.4%		3		6.3%
SSc subgroups									0.903
Limited cutaneous SSc	96		78.1%		36		75.0%
Diffus cutaneous SSc	27		22.0%		12		25.0%
SSc disease duration [years]	8.18	±	9.43	121	8.66	±	9.35	47	0.765
Modified Rodnan Skin Score	10	±	11	67	14	±	11	27	0.114
Oxygen saturation [%]	95.96	±	3.29		94.9	±	3.75	48	0.071
Digital ulcers	43		35.8%	120	22		48.9%	45	0.136
Arterial hypertension	46		37.7%	122	21		43.8%		0.468
Interstitial lung disease	48		39.0%		25		52.1%		0.121
Hemodynamics at rest
mPAP [mmHg]	22.25	±	9.16		27.92	±	11.35		0.003
PAWP [mm Hg]	10.42	±	4.46		10.55	±	3.50	47	0.848
Cardiac output [l/min]	5.40	±	1.74	121	4.99	±	1.05	46	0.065
Cardiac index [l/min/m²]	3.01	±	0.82	122	3.18	±	0.93	47	0.265
PVR [WU]	2.39	±	1.74	122	3.84	±	2.82		0.002
Echocardiography at rest
Right atrial area [cm²]	13.03	±	4.25	117	14.48	±	5.88	47	0.131
Right ventricular area [cm²]	15.05	±	4.08	117	15.89	±	4.52	47	0.246
sPAP [mmHg]	32.45	±	11.84	116	41.85	±	17.90		0.001
TAPSE [mm]	23.98	±	4.53	117	22.70	±	5.59		0.161
Lung function
VCmax [%]	95.05	±	22.72	121	83.92	±	31.02	45	0.007
FEV1 [l]	2.39	±	0.72	121	1.90	±	0.56	45	<0.001
TLC [l]	5.21	±	1.21	121	4.54	±	1.08	45	0.001
DLCO [%]	59.36	±	19.61	114	49.65	±	18.36	39	0.008
DLCO/VA [%]	70.97	±	19.46	115	60.63	±	22.82	41	0.006
Laboratory
NTproBNP [ng/l]	465.53	±	1452.81	116	884.07	±	1548.96	46	0.107
WBC [/nl]	7.79	±	2.41		7.57	±	3.12		0.622
Creatinine [mg/dl]	0.836	±	0.281		0.846	±	0.271		0.826
GFR [ml/min/1.73 m²]	86.61	±	24.90	122	85.17	±	33.67		0.789
Urea [mg/dl]	34.3	±	16.7		34.79	±	21.00		0.873
MCH [pg]	30.27	±	1.61		28.93	±	2.59		0.001
MCV [fL]	90.48	±	4.58		88.77	±	6.73		0.11
Troponin T [pg/ml]	11.21	±	13.01	101	11.83	±	10.24	38	0.792
CRP [mg/l]	4.69	±	5.04	123	9.50	±	14.68		0.031
Ferritin [ng/ml]	104.82	±	111.74	115	100.77	±	164.20	46	0.857
Hemoglobin [g/dl]	13.73	±	1.24		12.46	±	1.38		< 0.001
Iron [μmol/l]	13.69	±	5.05	116	11.03	±	7.71	45	0.011
Presence of autoantibodies				104				42	0.333
Anti-Scl-70	38		36.6%		10		23.8%
CENT	35		33.6%		17		40.5%
Others	31		29.8%		15		35.7%
6-min walking distance [m]	446.44	±	100.35	111	377.7	±	94.63	40	< 0.001

mPAP mean pulmonary arterial pressure, PAWP pulmonary arterial wedge pressure, PVR pulmonary vascular resistance, WU Wood units, sPAP systolic pulmonary arterial pressure, TAPSE tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, VC vital capacity, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in first second, TLC total lung capacity, DLCO diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide, DLCO/VA diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide divided by the alveolar volume, NTproBNP N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, WBC white blood cells, GFR glomerular filtration rate, MCH mean corpuscular hemoglobin, MCV mean corpuscular volume, CRP C-reactive protein, Anti-Scl-70 anti-topo-isomerase I antibodies, CENT anti-centromere antibodies, Others mostly RNA-polymerase I/II/II, antinuclear antibodies (ANA), fibrillarin, Pm/Scl
^an is provided in case of missing values

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