Table 2 Demographics and disease characteristics relation to TGF-β1 serum levels
TGF–β1, pg/ml | ||
|---|---|---|
Beta coef. 95%CI, p | ||
Univariable | ||
Age, years | 28 (0.6–56) | 0.045 |
Female | − 1032 (− 2165–101) | 0.074 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 46 (− 9–102) | 0.10 |
Abdominal circumference, cm | 25 (2–48) | 0.034 |
Hip circumference, cm | 7 (− 21–34) | 0.64 |
Waist-to-hip ratio | 7726 (3479–11,972) | < 0.001 |
Systolic pressure, mmHg | − 4 (− 20–13) | 0.66 |
Diastolic pressure, mmHg | − 7 (− 36–22) | 0.64 |
Cardiovascular co-morbidity | ||
Smoking | 43 (− 688–775) | 0.91 |
Diabetes | 1300 (− 38–2639) | 0.057 |
Hypertension | 1237 (605–1868) | < 0.001 |
Obesity | 544 (− 145–1234) | 0.12 |
Statins | 409 (− 317–1135) | 0.27 |
Aspirin | 534 (− 174–1242) | 0.14 |
SLE-related data | ||
Disease duration, years | 72 (41–102) | < 0.001 |
CRP, mg/dl | 14 (− 14–41) | 0.34 |
SDI | 34 (− 146–213) | 0.71 |
SDI ≥ 1 | − 184 (− 862–495) | 0.59 |
Katz Index | 315 (157–473) | < 0.001 |
Katz ≥ 3 | 1069 (445–1693) | < 0.001 |
SLEDAI | 84 (8–160) | 0.031 |
SLEDAI categories | ||
No activity | – | – |
Mild | − 46 (− 776–684) | 0.90 |
Moderate to very high | 228 (− 664–1120) | 0.62 |
Auto-antibody profile | ||
Anti-DNA positive | − 416 (− 1193–361) | 0.29 |
ENA positive | 503 (− 201–1207) | 0.16 |
Anti-SSA | 428 (− 535–1390) | 0.38 |
Anti-SSB | 2745 (584–4906) | 0.013 |
Anti-RNP | − 250 (− 1008–509) | 0.52 |
Anti-Sm | − 465 (− 1552–622) | 0.40 |
Anti-ribosome | − 240 (− 1649–1169) | 0.74 |
Anti-nucleosome | 828 (− 158–1814) | 0.099 |
Anti-histone | 828 (− 309–1965) | 0.15 |
Antiphospholipid syndrome | 336 (− 410–1082) | 0.38 |
Antiphospholipid autoantibodies | ||
Lupus anticoagulant | 648 (− 159–1456) | 0.12 |
ACA IgM | − 181 (− 1272–910) | 0.74 |
ACA IgG | 245 (− 618–1108) | 0.56 |
Anti beta2 glycoprotein IgM | 822 (− 347–1992) | 0.17 |
Anti beta2 glycoprotein IgG | − 28 (− 1002–946) | 0.96 |
C3, mg/dl | − 3 (− 12–5) | 0.47 |
C4, mg/dl | 3 (− 25–31) | 0.82 |
Current prednisone | 251 (− 384–886) | 0.44 |
Prednisone, mg/day | − 123 (− 271–25) | 0.10 |
Hydroxychloroquine | 3598 (− 1625–8821) | 0.18 |
Methotrexate | − 651 (− 1660–358) | 0.21 |
Mycophenolate mofetil | 1473 (445–2502) | 0.005 |
Azathioprine | 50 (− 827–927) | 0.91 |
Rituximab | − 146 (− 2022–1731) | 0.88 |
Belimumab | 816 (− 1059–2690) | 0.39 |