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Table 1 Baseline characteristics: training versus testing groups

From: Quantitative prediction of radiographic progression in patients with axial spondyloarthritis using neural network model in a real-world setting

Variable

Training (n = 416)

Testing (n = 139)

P valueb

Male, n (%)

310 (74.5)

107 (77.0)

0.640

Age, years

43.7 ± 13.0

43.3 ± 13.2

0.721

BMI, kg/m2

24.1 ± 4.0

24.0 ± 3.8

0.875

HLA-B27, n (%)

336 (80.8%)

109 (78.4)

0.833

Smoking

  

0.640

 Never, n (%)

231 (55.5)

73 (52.5)

 

 Ex-smoker, n (%)

49 (11.8)

13 (9.4)

 

 Current smoker, n (%)

136 (32.7)

53 (38.1)

 

Peripheral arthritis, n (%)

120 (28.8)

40 (28.8)

0.223

Enthesitis, n (%)

35 (8.4)

21 (15.1)

0.035

Uveitis, n (%)

109 (26.2)

29 (20.9)

0.251

Psoriasis, n (%)

20 (4.8)

9 (6.5)

0.586

Inflammatory bowel disease, n (%)

13 (3.1)

3 (2.2)

0.766

ESR, mm/h

38.2 ± 29.4

36.1 ± 28.3

0.462

CRP, mg/dL

2.0 ± 3.3

1.7 ± 2.7

0.223

ASDAS-CRP

3.4 ± 0.9

3.3 ± 0.9

0.836

Use of TNF inhibitor, n (%) a

233 (56.0)

77 (55.4)

0.978

Presence of syndesmophyte(s), n (%)

161 (38.7)

100 (38.9)

1.000

mSASSS, units

8.5 ± 14.5

6.6 ± 12.6

0.187

 Cervical spine

3.3 ± 6.9

2.5 ± 6.1

0.269

 Lumbar spine

5.2 ± 9.1

4.1 ± 7.6

0.166

  1. Abbreviations: ASDAS Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score, BMI Body mass index, CRP c-reactive protein, ESR Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mSASSS modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score, TNF Tumor necrosis factor
  2. aTNF inhibitors include etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab, and golimumab
  3. bIntergroup comparisons were performed using the Student’s t-test for continuously distributed data and the chi-squared test for categorical variables