From: Fibroblast biology Signals targeting the synovial fibroblast in arthritis
Effect | Factor | Cellular or tissue source | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
+ | TNF-α | Macrophage, activated monocyte, B cell, T cell, fibroblast | [2] |
+ | IL-4 | T cell, mast cell, bone marrow stromal cell | [3] |
+ | PDGF-AA, -BB, -AB | Platelet, macrophage, endothelial cell, skeletal muscle cell, fibroblast, vascular smooth | [3] |
muscle cell, glial cell, type I astrocyte, myoblast, kidney, epithelial cell, mesangial cell | |||
+ | TGF-β | Platelet, macrophage, T cell, skeletal muscle cell, fibroblast | [4] |
+ | bFGF | Brain, retina, bone matrix, endothelial cell, macrophage | [3] |
+ | EGF | Granulocyte, ectodermal cell, kidney, duodenal gland, platelet | [5] |
+ | Neurokinin A | Nerve cell | [3] |
+ | CGRP | Nerve cell | [6] |
+ | Endothelin-1 and -3 | Endothelial cell, macrophage, fibroblast, many other cells | [3] |
+ | β -thromboglobulin | Platelet, megakaryocyte | [1] |
+ | Platelet factor 4 | Platelet, megakaryocyte | [1] |
LTB4 | Myeloid cells, from transported LTA4 in many nonmyeloid and nonhematopoietic cells | [3] | |
+ | IGF-I (SmC) | Fibroblast, skeletal cell, liver, endothelial cell, T cell | [7] |
+ | IGF-II (MSA) | Liver | [3] |
+ | Matrix proteins | ||
Collagen | ECM | [8] | |
Fibronectin | ECM | [9] | |
Elastin | ECM | [10] | |
+ | Serum derived | Complement (C5) | |
chemotactic factor | |||
for fibroblasts | |||
- | Interferon | T lymphocyte, NK cell (interferon-γ), all cells (interferon-α) | [13] |
- | Retinoids | [14] | |
- | Neutrophil factor | Neutrophil | [15] |