Table 2 The most important leukocyte-endothelial adhesion pathways in rheumatoid arthritis

Integrin

β₁ integrins (most)

Extracellular matrix components (laminin, fibronectin, collagen, vitronectin, etc.)

α₄β₁ integrin

VCAM-1, fibronectin

β₂ integrins (LFA-1, Mac-1)

ICAM-1, ICAM-3

α_Vβ₃ integrin

Extracellular matrix components (fibronectin, fibrinogen, thrombospondin)

Immunoglobulin

ICAM-1, ICAM-3

β₂ integrins: LFA-1, Mac-1

VCAM-1

α₄β 1 and α₄β₇

LFA-3

CD2

PECAM-1 (CD31)

Homophilic, α_vβ₃

CD66a-e

?

Selectin

E-selectin

ESL-1, PSGL-1, CLA

P-selectin

PSGL-1

Other

CD44

Hyaluronic acid

Endoglin

TGF-β

VAP-1

?