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Figure 2 | Arthritis Research & Therapy

Figure 2

From: Hypertrophy is induced during the in vitrochondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells by bone morphogenetic protein-2 and bone morphogenetic protein-4 gene transfer

Figure 2

Histological appearance of MSC pellets after chondrogenic induction with BMP-2 or BMP-4 gene transfer. Monolayer cultures of MSCs were infected with (a) Ad.GFP, (b) Ad.BMP-2 or (c) Ad.BMP-4 at 5 Ă— 102 vp/cell as indicated, seeded into aggregates 24 hours after infection and cultured in serum-free medium for 21 days. Representative sections after 10 and 21 days are shown. (Left panels) H&E staining for evaluation of cellularity and cell morphology. (Right panels) Alcian blue staining for detection of matrix proteoglycan. (a to c) Panels are reproduced at low (50Ă—; bar = 200 μm) or high (200Ă—; bar = 50 or 100 μm) magnification as indicated. (d) Comparative uninfected aggregate cultures after 21 days, that were maintained in the absence (control) or presence of recombinant human TGF-β 1 (10 ng/mL), or BMP-2 (25 ng/mL), or BMP-4 (25 ng/mL) protein as indicated. Panels are reproduced at low (50Ă—; bar = 100 μm) magnification. Ad = adenoviral vector; BMP = bone morphogenetic protein; GFP = green fluorescent protein; H&E = hematoxylin and eosin; MSC = mesenchymal stem cell; TGF = transforming growth factor.

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Arthritis Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1478-6362

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