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Table 1 Overview of the skin histology parameters and scoring systema

From: Histopathological cutaneous alterations in systemic sclerosis: a clinicopathological study

Method

Parameter

Scoring system

Histology (H&E)

Epidermal pigmentation

10-cm VAS

Histology (MT)

Hyalinised collagen

10-cm VAS [7]

IHC (α-SMA)

Myofibroblasts

10-cm VAS [7]

Histology (H&E)

Mean epidermal thickness

Semiquantitative

Histology (H&E)

Mononuclear cellular infiltration

Semiquantitative [14]

Histology (CI)

Mucin deposition in deep dermis

Semiquantitative [16]

Histology (H&E)

Calcification

Present or absent

Histology (MT)

Entrapment of an eccrine sweat gland

Present or absent

Histology (H&E)

Fibroplasia

Present or absent

IHC (CD3)

Focal exocytosis

Present or absent

Histology (H&E)

Loss of adnexae

Present or absent

Histology (H&E)

Loss of epidermal papillae

Present or absent

Histology (H&E)

Intima proliferation of deep arterioles

Present or absent

Histology (H&E)

Parakeratosis

Present or absent

Histology (H&E)

Pigment incontinence

Present or absent

Histology (H&E)

Telangiectasia in papillary dermis

Present or absent

  1. aα-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin; CI, colloidal iron; H&E, haematoxylin and eosin; IHC, immunohistochemistry; MT, Masson trichrome; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale.