Table 3 Associations between all three SES variables analyzed simultaneously with OA outcomes

Low educational attainment

1.44 (1.20, 1.73)**

1.43 (1.13, 1.81)**

1.66 (1.34, 2.06)**

1.27 (0.91, 1.76)

Non-managerial occupation

1.07 (0.90, 1.28)

1.07 (0.84, 1.36)

1.09 (0.88, 1.36)

1.10 (0.79, 1.54)

Medium poverty rate, 12 to 25%

1.21 (0.98, 1.48)

0.99 (0.75, 1.29)

1.18 (0.92, 1.51)

1.01 (0.70, 1.48)

High poverty rate, > 25%

1.83 (1.43, 2.36)**

1.56 (1.12, 2.16)**

1.36 (1.00, 1.83)*

1.12 (0.71, 1.76)

Age (55 to 64)

1.68 (1.36, 2.07)**

2.14 (1.59, 2.90)**

1.96 (1.50, 2.54)**

2.34 (1.53, 3.58)**

Age (65 and above)

3.70 (3.00, 4.57)**

5.59 (4.17, 7.50)**

3.69 (2.84, 4.79)**

4.80 (3.17, 7.26)**

Female

1.06 (0.89, 1.25)

1.14 (0.91, 1.42)

1.24 (1.01, 1.52)*

1.58 (1.14, 2.19)**

African American

0.92 (0.77, 1.11)

1.13 (0.89, 1.45)

0.95 (0.77, 1.19)

1.00 (0.72, 1.40)

BMI ≥ 30

2.39 (2.03, 2.81)**

2.89 (2.32, 3.58)**

2.92 (2.40, 3.56)**

3.93 (2.89, 5.35)**

Current smoker

0.68 (0.55, 0.84)**

0.61 (0.45, 0.83)**

0.80 (0.62, 1.04)

0.82 (0.54, 1.25)

Knee injury

2.11 (1.75, 2.55)**

1.90 (1.48, 2.44)**

3.15 (2.55, 3.88)**

2.23 (1.61, 3.08)**

High activity score

1.00 (0.85, 1.17)

1.00 (0.81, 1.24)

1.16 (0.96, 1.41)

1.19 (0.88, 1.59)