Figure 2

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are expanded in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) but do not balance Th17 skewing. (A) The percentage of IL-10⁺ Tregs was similar in active/quiescent GPA vs. healthy controls (HC), whereas CD25^highCD127^low Tregs were significantly increased. (B) The Th17/IL-10⁺ Treg ratio was significantly increased in quiescent untreated GPA (4.18 ± 3.07, P = 0.001, n = 26), quiescent treated GPA (2.67 ± 1.34, P = 0.02, n = 16) and active GPA (2.97 ± 1.63, P = 0.04, n = 17) vs. HC (1.75 ± 1.30, n = 14). The Th17/CD25^highCD127^low Treg ratio was higher in quiescent, untreated GPA (0.33 ± 0.31, P = 0.008, n = 22) and in active GPA (0.25 ± 0.19, P = 0.04, n = 18), but not in quiescent, treated GPA (0.21 ± 0.18, P = 0.54, n = 13) compared to HC (0.14 ± 0.07, n = 13). Bars represent means, error bars indicate the SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.006.