From: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and upper and lower gastrointestinal mucosal damage
Risk factor |
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Age ≥65 years (especially >70 years) |
History of peptic ulcer |
Use of two or more NSAIDs at the same time |
Concomitant therapy with antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, corticosteroids |
and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. |
Severe illness |
Helicobacter pylori infection |
Use of more gastrolesive NSAIDs [14] |
   RR of GI complications <2: aceclofenac, ibuprofen and celecoxib |
   RR of GI complications 2 to 4: rofecoxib, meloxicam, nimesulide, sulindac, |
   diclofenac and ketoprofen |
   RR of GI complications 4 to 5: tenoxicam, naproxen, difflunisal and |
   indomethacin |
   RR of GI complications >5: piroxicam, azapropazone and ketorolaco |