microRNA-mediated regulation of innate immune response in rheumatic diseases

Luo, Xiaobing; Ranade, Koustubh; Talker, Ronel; Jallal, Bahija; Shen, Nan; Yao, Yihong

doi:10.1186/ar4194

Arthritis Research & Therapy

Table 1 miRNA players in regulation of innate immunity

From: microRNA-mediated regulation of innate immune response in rheumatic diseases

miRNA	Target					Regulated process	References
	Ligand/cytokine	Receptor	Signaling component	Transcription factor	Others
let-7e		TLR4				Endotoxin sensitivity and tolerance	[53]
miR-106a	IL-10			AML1		Monocyte differentiation, IL-10 production	[32, 77]
miR-125b	TNFα					TNFα production by macrophages	[55]
miR-142-3p	IL-6					IL-6 production by DCs	[76]
miR-145			MAL			TLR2-mediated and TLR4-mediated signaling	[63]
miR-146a			IRAK1, IRAK2, TRAF6	IRF5, STAT1		NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response, type I interferon induction and signaling	[39–41, 43, 44, 47]
miR-148a/b			CaMKIIα			DC activation/antigen presentation	[66]
miR-15			IKKα			Monocyte differentiation	[34]
miR-152			CaMKIIα			DC activation/antigen presentation	[66]
miR-155			IKKε MyD88 TAB2	PU.1, C/EBPβ, c-Fos	KPC1 SOCS1 SHIP1	DC development/maturation granulocyte/monocyte expansion endotoxin sensitivity and tolerance	[6, 38, 45, 50–60, 92]
				BCL6		NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response, AKT signaling and inflammation, type I interferon induction and signaling
miR-155*					IRAKM	Type I interferon induction	[6]
miR-16			IKKα			Monocyte differentiation	[34]
miR-17-5p				AML1		Monocyte differentiation	[32]
miR-187				IκBζ		IL-10-driven anti-inflammatory response	[71]
miR-19a/b		TLR2				TLR2-triggered inflammatory response	[73]
miR-200b/c			MyD88			NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response	[65]
miR-20a				AML1		Monocyte differentiation	[32]
miR-21	JAG1				PDCD4	DC development/maturation, NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response	[35, 64]
miR-221					p27	DC development/maturation	[36, 59]
miR-223			IKKα, NLRP3	MEF2C STAT3		Monocyte differentiation, granulocyte proliferation/activation, TLR-induced IL-6/IL-1β production	[34, 37, 69, 74, 75]
						NLRP3 inflammasome response
miR-23b			TAB2, TAB3, IKKα			IL-17-triggered, TNFα-triggered, and IL-1β-triggered inflammatory response	[67]
miR-29	IFNγ					IFNγ production and NK cell activation	[78]
miR-34a	JAG1					DC development/maturation	[35]
	WNT1
miR-424				NFI-A		Monocyte differentiation	[33]
miR-9				NFKB1		NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response	[70]

AML1, acute myeloid leukemia-1; C/EBPβ, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta; DC, dendritic cell; IFN, interferon; IRAK, IL-1 receptor-associated kinase; IRF, IFN regulatory factor; IKK, I-kappa-B kinase; MAL, MyD88 adapter-like; NK, natural killer; NLRP3, NLR family PYD-containing protein 3; SHIP1, SH2 domain-containing inositol phosphatase-1; STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription; TAB, TAK1-binding protein; TLR, toll-like receptor; TRAF, TNF receptor-associated factor.

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