MMT/MCLT model | Results | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trial 1: systemic delivery (n = 8) | Weight bearing (significant effects; h; p < 0.05) | Histopathology (n = 8) | |||||||
Drug (daily) | Dose | Route (1 ml.) | 7 days | 14 days | 21 days | Cartilage degeneration score | Total joint score | ||
1 | Saline control | n.a. | i.p. | 1.83 ± 0.31 | 12.29 ± 0.62 | ||||
2 | Morphine | 10 mg/kg | i.p. | 1 | 1,3,5 | 3,5 | 2.33 ± 0.66 | 12.96 ± 0.89 | |
3 | Tacrolimus | 0.3 mg/kg | i.p. | 3 | 0,1,3,5,24 | 3 | 0.5 ± 0.15a | 7.13 ± 0.69b | |
4 | Tacrolimus | 0.6 mg/kg | i.p. | – | 1 | – | 0.96 ± 0.27c | 6.96 ± 0.65b | |
5 | Fluocinolone | 0.005 mg/kg | i.p. | 5 | 1,3 | 1 | 1.33 ± 0.14 | 10.75 ± 0.61 | |
6 | Fluocinolone | 0.010 mg/kg | i.p. | 1, 24 | 1,3,5,24 | – | 1.96 ± 0.77 | 10.54 ± 0.88 | |
7 | Clonidine | 0.100 mg/kg | i.p. | 1 | 1,3,5 | 3,5,24 | 1.29 ± 0.20 | 11.33 ± 0.55 | |
8 | Alendronate | 10 μg/kg | i.p. | 5 | 1 | – | 1.79 ± 0.60 | 11.55 ± 0.72 | |
9 | Curcumin | 50 mg/kg | p.o. | – | 0,1,3,5,24 | 0, 3 | 2.21 ± 0.60 | 12.96 ± 0.62 | |
10 | Withaferin | 50 mg/kg | p.o. | 1 | 3 | – | 1.83 ± 0.52 | 11.83 ± 0.61 | |
Trial 2: intraarticular delivery (n = 10) | Weight bearing (significant effects) | Histopathology (n = 10) | |||||||
Drug (weekly) | Dose | Route (30 μl) | 7 days | 14 days | 21 days | Synovium | Cartilage degeneration score | Total joint score | |
1 | Saline control | n.a. | i.a. | – | – | 1.07 ± 0.24 | 10.23 ± 0.85 | ||
2 | Clonidine | 100 μg/kg | s.c. | +/− | +/− | +/− | +/− | 0.77 ± 0.28 | 11.03 ± 0.61 |
3 | Clonidine | 4.5 μg | i.a. | – | – | – | – | 0.67 ± 0.23 | 9.13 ± 0.54 |
4 | Triamcinolone H | 0.15 mg | i.a. | – | – | – | + | 2.03 ± 0.52 | 11.30 ± 1.21 |
5 | Tacrolimus | 15 ng | i.a. | – | – | – | – | 0.87 ± 0.36 | 8.60 ± 0.63 |
6 | Tacrolimus | 30 ng | i.a. | – | – | – | – | 0.8 ± 0.19 | 8.90 ± 0.66 |
7 | Fluocinolone | 15 ng | i.a. | – | – | – | – | 0.8 ± 0.25 | 9.80 ± 0.51 |
8 | Curcumin | 30 μg | i.a. | – | – | – | – | 1.63 ± 0.61 | 9.57 ± 0.91 |