The assessment of serum-mediated phagocytosis of necrotic material by polymorphonuclear leukocytes to diagnose and predict the clinical features of systemic lupus erythematosus: an observational longitudinal study

Table 6 Temporal associations between occurrence of the most frequent clinical manifestations and positive PNC assay results

Clinical manifestation	Occurrence of clinical manifestation
	Same time as positive PNC			After positive PNC
	OR	95 % CI	p Value	OR	95 % CI	p Value
Glomerulonephritis	1.48	0.95–2.31	0.080	1.41	0.80–2.50	0.233
Arthritis	0.72	0.39–1.34	0.303	0.36	0.16–0.82	0.015
Mucocutaneous	1.36	0.94–1.97	0.105	1.68	1.15–2.46	0.007
Alopecia	0.87	0.47–1.60	0.657	1.37	0.81–2.32	0.239
Hematological features	7.67	2.98–19.74	<0.001	0.59	0.28–1.26	0.173
SLEDAI-2K >0	1.27	0.86–1.88	0.222	1.24	0.83–1.85	0.288

OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, PNC phagocytosis of necrotic cell material, SLEDAI-2K Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000

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