Table 3 GRADE certainty of evidence
From: Vaccination and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis of observational studies
Outcome | Exposure | Study numbers | GRADE | Evidence quality | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Risk of bias | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | Publication bias | ||||
SLE | Any vaccine | 17 | 0 | -1a | 0 | 0 | 0 | Very Low |
SLE | HPV vaccine | 7 | 0 | -1a | 0 | 0 | 0 | Very Low |
SLE | HBV vaccine | 4 | 0 | -1a | 0 | 0 | 0 | Very Low |
SLE | Influenza vaccine | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Low |
SLE | COVID-19 vaccine | 2 | 0 | -1a | 0 | 0 | 0 | Low |
SLE | Case-control study | 7 | 0 | -1a | 0 | 0 | 0 | Very Low |
SLE | Cohort study | 10 | 0 | -1a | 0 | 0 | 0 | Very Low |
SLE | North America | 7 | 0 | -1a | 0 | 0 | 0 | Very Low |
SLE | Europe | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Low |
SLE | Asia | 3 | 0 | -1a | 0 | 0 | 0 | Very Low |
SLE | Observation time ≥ 180 days | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Low |
SLE | Observation time < 180 days | 8 | 0 | -1a | 0 | 0 | 0 | Very Low |