Table 1 Baseline characteristics based on the achievement of remission at conception

n

37

59

Epidemiological findings

Age at conception (y.o)

34.0 [31.0, 36.0]

33.0 [29.0, 35.5]

0.13

Japanese ethnicity (%)

33 (89.2)

53 (89.8)

1.0

BMI

19.7 [19.0, 21.3]

20.0 [18.0, 21.2]

0.41

Duration of SLE (days)

2943.0 [1893.0, 5198.0]

2416.0 [1387.5, 4226.5]

0.31

Smoking history (%)

3 (8.1)

4 (6.8)

1.0

Previous spontaneous abortion (%)

6 (16.2)

12 (20.3)

0.79

Previous anti-hypertensive med use (%)

4 (10.8)

2 (3.4)

0.20

Multiparous (%)

15 (40.5)

21 (36.2)

0.67

Infertility treatment (%)

10 (27.0)

17 (28.8)

1.0

Planned pregnancy (%)

27 (73.0)

58 (98.3)

< 0.01

Thrombocytopenia at conception (%)

2 (5.4)

0 (0.0)

0.14

Any flare at conception (%)

6 (16.2)

0 (0.0)

< 0.01

Zen/Doria remission at conception (%)

0 (0.0)

59 (100.0)

< 0.01

Organ manifestation

Joint/muscular manifestation (%)

26 (70.3)

38 (64.4)

0.66

Skin/mucocutaneous manifestation (%)

27 (73.0)

44 (74.6)

1.0

Renal manifestation (%)

13 (35.1)

12 (20.3)

0.15

Lupus nephritis class III/IV (%)

5 (13.5)

4 (6.8)

0.30

Serositis (%)

7 (18.9)

15 (25.4)

0.62

Neurological manifestation (%)

2 (5.4)

7 (11.9)

0.48

Hematological manifestation (%)

28 (75.7)

53 (89.8)

0.084

Immunological profile

Anti-DNA Ab (%)

19 (51.4)

44 (74.6)

0.027

Anti-RNP Ab (%)

12 (48.0)

18 (36.7)

0.45

Anti-Sm Ab (%)

8 (25.8)

23 (40.4)

0.24

Anti-SSA Ab (%)

21 (56.8)

40 (69.0)

0.28

Anti-SSB Ab (%)

2 (7.7)

10 (21.3)

0.19

LAC (%)

4 (11.1)

8 (14.0)

0.76

Anti-CL Ab (%)

5 (15.2)

17 (29.3)

0.20

Anti-CLβ2GPI Ab (%)

3 (8.3)

5 (8.6)

1.0

Low C3 (%)

23 (65.7)

40 (67.8)

1.0

Low C4 (%)

30 (85.7)

47 (79.7)

0.58