Table 1 Characteristics of women with SLE and healthy controls

Age (years), median (range)^a

32 (23–43)

32 (18–41)

Nulliparous, n (%)

48 (60)

35 (69)

Disease duration at inclusion (years), median (range)

9 (0–26)

SLEDAI-2 K during pregnancy, median (range)^b

2 (0–18)

ACR criteria, n (%)

ever

 Malar rash

31 (39)

 Discoid rash

6 (8)

 Photosensitivity

39 (49)

 Oral ulcers

30 (38)

 Arthritis

66 (83)

 Serositis

17 (21)

 Renal disorder

30 (38)

 Neurological disorder

5 (6)

 Hematological disorder

53 (66)

 Immunological disorder

69 (86)

 Anti-nuclear antibody^c

79 (99)

Antiphospholipid syndrome, n (%)

5 (6)

Autoantibodies, n (%)

ever

during pregnancy

ANA fine specificity

 Any ANA fine specificity

N/A

57 (71)

 Anti-dsDNA

67 (84)

28 (36)

 Anti-Sm

20 (25)^b

12 (15)

 Anti-SSA

23 (29)

24 (30)

 Anti-SSB

11 (14)

8 (10)

 Anti-Sm/RNP

N/A

18 (23)

 Anti-RNP

N/A

11 (14)

 Anti-Chromatin

N/A

24 (30)

 Anti-Ribosomal P

N/A

2 (3)

Antiphospholipid antibodies

 Anti-cardiolipin IgG

13 (16)

6 (8)

 Anti-β2glycoprotein I IgG

16 (20)^b

7 (9)

 Lupus Anticoagulant

12 (15)

N/A

Medication, n (%)^d

 Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine phosphate

74 (93)

 Acetylsalicylic acid

70 (88)

 Low molecular weight heparin

19 (24)

 Azathioprine

23 (29)

 Prednisone

26 (33)