Table 3 Multivariate analysis of the factors associated with dispensation of selective COX-2 inhibitors versus traditional nonselective NSAIDs
Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
Age group (years) | ||
75+ | 3.17 (3.01–3.34) | 4.22 (3.95–4.51) |
55 to ≤74 | 2.86 (2.74–2.99) | 3.23 (3.06–3.40) |
18–54 | Reference | Reference |
Female sex | 1.61 (1.52–1.66) | 1.52 (1.45–1.58) |
Income level (lower) | 0.72 (0.68–0.76) | 0.90 (0.85–0.96) |
Prior diagnosis of gastropathy | 1.93 (1.75–2.11) | 1.21 (1.08–1.36) |
Prior gastrointestinal procedures | 1.94 (1.71–2.22) | 1.09 (0.94–1.27) |
Prior dispensation of gastroprotective agents | 2.37 (2.25–2.50) | 1.57 (1.47–1.67) |
Prior referral to gastroenterologist | 1.89 (1.69–2.12) | 1.23 (1.08–1.39) |
Prior history of NSAID use | ||
Recent, first time | 2.39 (2.14–2.66) | 2.17 (1.93–2.43) |
Recent, chronic | 1.58 (1.46–1.70) | 1.21 (1.11–1.32) |
>1 to 3 months | 1.12 (1.06–1.19) | 0.95 (0.89–1.01) |
>3 to 12 months | 0.93 (0.88–0.98) | 0.84 (0.80–0.89) |
No use in past year | Reference | Reference |
Corticosteroids | 1.72 (1.62–1.82) | 1.16 (1.07–1.24) |
Anticoagulants | 2.53 (2.15–2.98) | 1.56 (1.32–1.85) |
Antidepressants | 1.69 (1.59–1.80) | 1.37 (1.28–1.46) |
Benzodiazepines | 1.87 (1.78–1.95) | 1.20 (1.14–1.26) |
Acetaminophen | 1.85 (1.76–1.94) | 1.41 (1.34–1.49) |
Low dose ASA | 0.85 (0.81–0.89) | 0.56 (0.52–0.59) |
Chronic Disease Score | ||
10+ | 2.88 (2.65–3.14) | 1.26 (1.13–1.41) |
5–9 | 2.21 (2.10–2.32) | 1.28 (1.20–1.37) |
1–4 | 1.88 (1.80–1.97) | 1.26 (1.19–1.33) |
0 | Reference | Reference |
Specialist (versus GP) | 0.99 (0.94–1.04) | 0.89 (0.84–0.94) |
Dosage | ||
High dose | 1.91 (1.80–2.03) | 2.19 (2.06–2.33) |
Low dose | 0.40 (0.38–0.42) | 0.29 (0.27–0.30) |
Standard dose | Reference | Reference |
Time period | ||
January–June | 0.72 (0.68–0.76) | 0.54 (0.51–0.57) |
July–Sept | 1.02 (0.95–1.09) | 0.99 (0.92–1.06) |
October–December | Reference | Reference |