Figure 7From: Octacalcium phosphate crystals directly stimulate expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase through p38 and JNK mitogen-activated protein kinases in articular chondrocytesRole of AP-1 transcription factor in the induction of NO production by OCP crystals. Nonadherent bovine articular chondrocytes were stimulated with OCP crystals or IL-1β for 24 hours with or without pretreatment (1 hour) with various doses of curcumin, an AP-1 inhibitor. NO release was measured in the supernatants. AP = activator protein; NO = nitric oxide; OCP = octacalcium phosphate;Back to article page