Table 3 Doppler echocardiographic studies in patients with RA
From: Myocardial dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis: epidemiology and pathogenesis
Reference | Publication year | No. of RA patients | No. of control subjects | Findings (RA compared to control) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mustonen et al. [86] | 1993 | 12 (males; age 20–40 years) | 14 (males only; unmatched) | LV diastolic functional impairment No differences in LV systolic function |
Corrao et al. [88] | 1996 | 40 | 40 non-RA | Increased interventricular septal thickness Increased LV mass index LV diastolic functional impairment |
Wislowska et al. [89] | 1998 | 100 | 100 non-RA | Increased LV diastolic diameter Reduced LV ejection fraction |
Montecucco et al. [90] | 1999 | 54 | 54 non-RA | Impaired diastolic relaxation No differences in LV systolic function or LV diastolic diameter |
Wislowska et al. [91] | 1999 | 35 with nodular RA | 35 with non-nodular RA | Increased valvular disease in nodular RA Decreased LV ejection fraction in nodular RA |
Di Franco et al. [92] | 2000 | 32 | 33 non-RA (unmatched) | LV diastolic functional impairment Positive correlation with RA disease duration (r = 0.40) |
Cindas et al. [87] | 2002 | 40 | 48 non-RA | LV diastolic functional impairment Longer disease duration with more abnormal echocardiographic parameters noted |
Alpaslan et al. [93] | 2003 | 32 with long standing RA | 32 non-RA (unmatched) | LV diastolic functional impairment Normal systolic function in all |
Levendoglu et al. [94] | 2003 | 40 | - | LV diastolic functional impairment Positive correlation with RA disease duration |
Gonzalez-Juanatey et al. [55] | 2004 | 47 treated RA patients | 47 | LV diastolic functional impairment Positive correlation with extra-articular manifestations of RA |