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Table 2 BMP signaling in synovitis

From: Bone morphogenetic proteins in destructive and remodeling arthritis

Ex vivo human biopsies

Increased expression of BMP2 and BMP6 [9]

 

Decreased expression of BMP4 and BMP5 [41]

 

Presence of BMP receptor Ia positive cells in RA [38]

Animal model data

Influx of BMP receptor Ia positive cells precedes onset of arthritis [39]

  1. BMP, bone morphogenetic protein; RA, rheumatoid arthritis.