| Stiff or painful joints 'sometimes or often' at Time 2 | Stiff or painful joints 'often' at Time 2 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Variable at Time 1 | Unadjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | Adjusteda odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | Unadjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | Adjusteda odds ratio (95% confidence interval) |
Education | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Less than high school | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
   Some high school | 0.89 (0.76–1.04) | 0.90 (0.76–1.05) | 0.86 (0.68–1.09) | 0.90 (0.71–1.16) |
   Completed high school | 0.92 (0.74–1.13) | 0.97 (0.78–1.20) | 1.06 (0.77–1.44) | 1.17 (0.85–1.62) |
   Trade certificate/university degree | 1.01 (0.83–1.23) | 1.06 (0.86–1.30) | 0.80 (0.59–1.10) | 0.93 (0.67–1.28) |
   Missing | 0.89 (0.64–1.24) | 0.91 (0.64–1.29) | 1.25 (0.79–1.97) | 1.37 (0.84–2.22) |
Area of residence | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Urban | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
   Large town | 0.94 (0.76–1.16) | 0.91 (0.73–1.13) | 0.94 (0.67–1.31) | 0.88 (0.62–1.24) |
   Small town/remote area | 1.04 (0.91–1.19) | 1.02 (0.89–1.18) | 1.20 (0.98–1.48) | 1.15 (0.93–1.42) |
   Missing | 0.72 (0.42–1.22) | 0.75 (0.43–1.29) | 0.41 (0.13–1.32) | 0.41 (0.12–1.33) |
Country of birth | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Australia | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
   Other English-speaking | 0.95 (0.78–1.15) | 0.93 (0.76–1.14) | 0.87 (0.64–1.18) | 0.90 (0.65–1.23) |
   Non-English speaking | 1.00 (0.78–1.29) | 0.92 (0.71–1.20) | 1.02 (0.70–1.49) | 0.90 (0.60–1.34) |
   Missing | 0.94 (0.72–1.23) | 0.94 (0.70–1.27) | 1.02 (0.68–1.52) | 0.91 (0.58–1.42) |
Depression | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
   Yes | 1.48 (1.04–2.09) | 1.29 (0.90–1.84) | 2.15 (1.41–3.29) | 1.75 (1.13–2.72) |
Number of chronic diseases | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
   1 | 1.26 (1.08–1.48) | 1.23 (1.05–1.44) | 1.42 (1.09–1.85) | 1.37 (1.05–1.79) |
   2 | 1.90 (1.59–2.28) | 1.83 (1.52–2.19) | 2.09 (1.57–2.77) | 1.93 (1.44–2.57) |
   3 | 2.43 (1.89–3.14) | 2.33 (1.80–3.02) | 2.83 (1.99–4.03) | 2.53 (1.77–3.63) |
   4 or more | 3.06 (2.12–4.43) | 2.93 (2.02–4.26) | 5.02 (3.28–7.69) | 4.24 (2.74–6.57) |
Smoking status | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Never | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
   Former | 1.07 (0.93–1.24) | 1.08 (0.93–1.25) | 1.22 (0.99–1.52) | 1.27 (1.01–1.59) |
   Current | 1.05 (0.78–1.40) | 1.10 (0.81–1.49) | 1.17 (0.76–1.82) | 1.17 (0.75–1.84) |
   Missing | 1.01 (0.77–1.31) | 1.04 (0.78–1.37) | 1.06 (0.71–1.59) | 1.07 (0.70–1.64) |
Body mass index | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   <20 kg/m2 | 1.04 (0.72–1.48) | 0.97 (0.67–1.39) | 0.98 (0.54–1.77) | 0.86 (0.47–1.58) |
   ≥ 20 and <25 kg/m2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
   ≥ 25 and <30 kg/m2 | 1.46 (1.26–1.70) | 1.39 (1.19–1.63) | 1.46 (1.15–1.84) | 1.33 (1.04–1.68) |
   ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 1.42 (1.14–1.77) | 1.26 (1.00–1.58) | 1.68 (1.23–2.31) | 1.32 (0.95–1.84) |
   Missing | 1.13 (0.92–1.39) | 1.07 (0.87–1.32) | 1.52 (1.13–2.05) | 1.36 (1.00–1.85) |
Physical activity | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   None (<40 MET.min/week) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
   Very low (40 to <300 MET.min/week) | 0.98 (0.80–1.22) | 1.04 (0.84–1.29) | 0.87 (0.65–1.17) | 0.94 (0.70–1.27) |
   Low (300 to <600 MET.min/week) | 1.00 (0.83–1.20) | 1.11 (0.92–1.34) | 0.63 (0.48–0.82) | 0.72 (0.55–0.96) |
   Moderate (600 to <1,200 MET.min/week) | 0.80 (0.65–0.98) | 0.89 (0.72–1.10) | 0.48 (0.34–0.67) | 0.54 (0.39–0.76) |
   High (1,200+ MET.min/week) | 0.83 (0.69–0.99) | 0.94 (0.78–1.14) | 0.51 (0.38–0.68) | 0.61 (0.46–0.82) |