From: Cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from the QUEST-RA study
 | Cardiovascular events (all)a hazard ratio (95% CI) | ||
---|---|---|---|
 | All countries | Countries with high prevalence | Countries with low prevalence |
Age | 1.04 (1.03–1.06)b | 1.05 (1.03–1.07)b | 1.04 (1.01–1.06)c |
Gender (female) | 0.49 (0.36–0.66)b | 0.45 (0.31–0.66)b | 0.55 (0.32–0.94)c |
Rheumatoid factor | 0.95 (0.68–1.33) | 0.95 (0.64–1.41) | 0.90 (0.46–1.73) |
Extra-articular disease | 1.33 (1.00–1.78) | 1.28 (0.92–1.80) | 1.60 (0.91–2.84) |
Hypertension | 1.95 (1.44–2.63)b | 1.85 (1.29–2.64)c | 2.23 (1.28–3.90)c |
Hyperlipidemia | 2.41 (1.78–3.27)b | 2.16 (1.50–3.10)b | 3.24 (1.86–5.65)b |
Diabetes | 1.34 (0.92–1.96) | 1.05 (0.65–1.69) | 2.20 (1.18–4.09)c |
Ever-smoking | 1.56 (1.16–2.12)c | 1.46 (1.01–2.11)d | 1.88 (1.10–3.22)c |
Obesity | 1.16 (0.81–1.66) | 1.52 (1.01–2.27)d | 0.57 (0.25–1.28) |
Physical inactivity | 0.93 (0.67–1.30) | 1.11 (0.75–1.65) | 0.61 (0.33–1.10) |
 | Myocardial infarction hazard ratio (95% CI) | ||
 | All countries | Countries with high prevalence | Countries with low prevalence |
Age | 1.05 (1.02–1.08)c | 1.04 (1.01–1.08)c | 1.06 (1.00–1.13)c |
Gender (female) | 0.46 (0.27–0.80)c | 0.55 (0.29–1.06) | 0.37 (0.13–1.04) |
Rheumatoid factor | 0.68 (0.36–1.31) | 0.68 (0.31–1.48) | 0.82 (0.23–2.91) |
Extra-articular disease | 2.26 (1.29–3.97)c | 2.26 (1.17–4.37)c | 2.13 (0.71–6.35) |
Hypertension | 1.45 (0.83–2.53) | 1.10 (0.57–2.15) | 2.19 (0.72–6.71) |
Hyperlipidemia | 3.51 (1.98–6.21)b | 3.51 (1.80–6.84)b | 4.34 (1.41–13.33)c |
Diabetes | 1.18 (0.59–2.38) | 1.27 (0.56–2.90) | 1.01 (0.24–4.29) |
Ever-smoking | 3.20 (1.74–5.90)b | 2.47 (1.22–4.99)c | 12.14 (2.50–59.05)c |
Obesity | 0.74 (0.34–1.62) | 0.59 (0.22–1.57) | 1.36 (0.37–5.01) |
Physical inactivity | 0.88 (0.46–1.65) | 0.96 (0.45–2.07) | 0.87 (0.24–3.12) |
 | Stroke hazard ratio (95% CI) | ||
 | All countries | Countries with high prevalence | Countries with low prevalence |
Age | 1.02 (0.99–1.05) | 1.03 (1.00–1.06) | 0.99 (0.93–1.05) |
Gender (female) | 0.59 (0.31–1.12) | 0.66 (0.31–1.42) | 0.37 (0.10–1.39) |
Rheumatoid factor | 0.95 (0.45–2.00) | 0.88 (0.38–2.06) | 2.67 (0.40–17.71) |
Extra-articular disease | 1.41 (0.77–2.58) | 1.43 (0.69–2.94) | 1.31 (0.40–4.30) |
Hypertension | 2.81 (1.49–5.30)c | 2.95 (1.43–6.11)c | 2.37 (0.61–9.20) |
Hyperlipidemia | 1.18 (0.60–2.31) | 0.69 (0.27–1.76) | 3.69 (1.16–11.78)c |
Diabetes | 2.23 (1.12–4.44)d | 1.70 (0.71–4.07) | 4.63 (1.31–16.40)c |
Ever-smoking | 1.66 (0.89–3.09) | 1.74 (0.82–3.69) | 1.31 (0.37–4.63) |
Obesity | 0.72 (0.31–1.68) | 0.77 (0.28–2.08) | 0.56 (0.11–2.69) |
Physical inactivity | 1.01 (0.50–2.03) | 1.30 (0.59–2.87) | 0.52 (0.13–2.09) |