Inflammatory mediators and cartilage biomarkers in synovial fluid after a single inflammatory insult: a longitudinal experimental study

Table 1 Results of conventional synovial fluid analysis following intra-articular injection of 0.5 ng lipopolysaccharide

	Time after lipopolysaccharide
	0 hours	8 hours	24 hours	168 hours
Total protein (g/dl)	1.27 ± 0.18	4.70* ± 0.18	4.80* ± 0.14	1.53 ± 0.18
Leucocytes (x10⁹ cells/l)	0.25 ± 0.085	215.4* ± 15.9	64.6*,^† ± 6.7	0.72 ± 0.38
Neutrophils (%)	N/A	98.8* ± 0.31	80.0*,^† ± 3.4	N/A

Comparison of synovial fluid total protein, white blood cell counts and differentiation over time after induction of joint inflammation. Data correspond to the mean ± standard error of the mean (n = 6 horses). N/A, no differentiation performed given low white blood cell counts. *Significant difference from PIH 0 and 168 (P < 0.001). ^†Significant difference from PIH 8 (P < 0.001).

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