Reduced rates of primary joint replacement for osteoarthritis in Italian and Greek migrants to Australia: the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study

Table 3 Relationship between country of birth and rates of primary joint replacement in private and public hospitals

	Primary joint replacement in private hospitals (n = 760)		Primary joint replacement in public hospitals (n = 249)		Heterogeneity of hazard ratios^a
	Incidence rate (95% CI)^b	Hazard ratio (95% CI)^a	Incidence rate (95% CI)^b	Hazard ratio (95% CI)^a	P value
Australia	5.1 (4.7–5.5)	1.00 (reference)	1.2 (1.0–1.4)	1.00 (reference)	-
UK	3.6 (2.8–4.8)	0.76 (0.57–1.01)	1.7 (1.1–2.5)	1.50 (0.97–2.32)	0.01
Italy	1.7 (1.3–2.3)	0.24 (0.18–0.33)^c	1.7 (1.3–2.3)	0.99 (0.69–1.41)	< 0.0001
Greece	0.5 (0.3–0.9)	0.08 (0.04–0.14)^c	1.4 (1.0–2.1)	0.92 (0.61–1.39)	< 0.0001
Italy/Greece combined	1.1 (0.9–1.5)	0.17 (0.13–0.23)^c	1.6 (1.3–2.0)	0.96 (0.72–1.29)	< 0.0001

^aAdjusted for age, gender, body mass index, and education level. ^bPer 1,000 person-years. ^cStatistically significant, P < 0.001. CI, confidence interval.

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