Microstructure and mineral composition of dystrophic calcification associated with the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies

Table 2 qBSE, FTIR-RM, SEM/SDD-EDS and XRD results obtained from various calcified tissues, calcinosis samples and synthetic apatites

*Sample/Analysis*
qBSE		MD, g/ml
Enamel		1: 2.98 ± 0.10;				2: 2.99 ± 0.09
Dentin		1: 2.46 ± 0.44;				2: 2.46 ± 0.32
Calcified cartilage		1: 2.36 ± 0.67;				2: 2.50 ± 0.81
Bone		1: 2.14 ± 0.55;				2: 2.19 ± 0.55
Calc1		W: 2.65 ± 0.74
Calc2		W: 2.51 ± 0.74
Calc2		CE 1: 2.68 ± 0.55;				2: 2.53 ± 0.75
Calc2		3: 2.23 ± 0.79;				4*: 2.58 ± 0.54;
		5: 2.66 ± 0.60
Calc3**		W: 2.52 ± 0.92 (377);				HC: 2.69 ± 0.11 (245)
Calc4**		W: 2.400 ± 1.09 (325);				HC: 2.66 ± 0.21 (147)
FTIR-RM		PO ₄ /Am I		AmI/PO ₄		Calc/Bone
				%		%
Dentin, Fig 7a		10.5		9.6
Bone, Fig 7a		7.4		13.5
Calc1, High Prot		11.8		8.5		62.7
Calc1, Fig 7a		19.4		5.2		38.1
Calc2, Fig 7a		27.8		3.6		26.6
Calc10, Fig 7a		51.0		2.0		14.5
Calc7, Fig 7a		30.6		3.3		24.2
Calc8, Fig 7a		162.3		0.6		4.6
SEM/SDD-EDS		Ca	P	Ca/P	Mg	Na	Cl	S	Al
		%	%	MR	%	%	%	%	%
Calc1-1:	Average	39.4	18.3	1.66	0.60	1.28	0.07	0.01	0.07
	SD	0.02	0.02		0.01	0.01	0.01	0.005	0.01
Calc1-2:	Average	39.8	18.2	1.69	0.62	1.07	0.05	0.02	0.07
	SD	0.02	0.02		0.01	0.01	0.01	0.005	0.01
Calc2:	Average	39.1	18.5	1.63	0.53	1.16	0.11	0.06	0.06
	SD	0.02	0.02		0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
XRD		1/FWHM				Crystallinity (Relative to Bone)
Phys Apatite		2.50				1.30
Dentin		1.99				1.03
Bone		1.93
Calc7-Powder		3.76				1.95
Calc7-Polished		4.10				2.13
Calc8-Polished		4.85				2.52
Enamel		3.53				1.83
OHAp		5.95				3.09

W = whole image; CE = calcified element; * Figure 5f; ** qBSE images in Figure 7c; HC = highly calcified regions (> 2.60 g/ml).
n = 1024 pixels for qBSE analyses of all calcified tissues and Calc1 and Calc2 images.
% = weight %; MR = molar ratio.
FTIR-RM = Fourier Transform Infrared microspectroscopy in reflectance mode; FWHM = full width at one half the maximum height; qBSE = quantitative backscattered electron; SEM/SDD-EDS = scanning electron microscopy/silicon drift detector energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry; XRD = X-ray diffraction.

ISSN: 1478-6362