Whole blood lead levels are associated with radiographic and symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional analysis in the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project

Table 3 Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for associations between knee outcomes, continuous ln Pb and covariates (joint-based analysis)^a

	Knee rOA		Knee sxOA
Variable of interest (reference category)	aOR^b	95% CI	aOR^b	95% CI
ln Pb (per 1-U change)	1.20	1.01 to 1.44	1.16	0.93 to 1.45
Age (per year)	1.08	1.07 to 1.09	1.05	1.03 to 1.06
BMI (per kg/m²)	1.12	1.10 to 1.14	1.12	1.10 to 1.14
Sex (men)	0.96	0.77 to 1.21	1.24	0.94 to 1.63
Race (Caucasian)	1.08	0.85 to 1.36	0.84	0.64 to 1.11
Smoking (No)	0.60	0.43 to 0.85	0.59	0.38 to 0.91
Drinking (No)	0.75	0.57 to 1.00	0.72	0.50 to 1.03

^aReference category is no rOA for rOA outcomes and rOA without symptoms for sxOA outcomes; aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ln Pb, natural log-transformed lead; rOA, radiographic osteoarthritis; sxOA, symptomatic osteoarthritis; BMI, body mass index; ^badjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, BMI, current smoking and current drinking.

ISSN: 1478-6362