Table 3 Cytokine levels during the first and third trimester in SLE patients with/without glomerulonephritis before pregnancy

TNF-α

14.90 (6.50 to 41.00)

10.90 (5.30 to 25.82)

n.s.

25.90 (8.20 to 38.80)

10.10 (5.97 to 30.25)

n.s.

INF-γ

4.40 (2.20 to 13.00)

3.20 (0.25 to 4.67)

n.s.

5.60 (1.50 to 15.80)

2.95 (1.52 to 6.95)

n.s.

IL-1α

3.00 (0.50 to 10.00)

0.85 (0.27 to 1.37)

n.s.

1.50 (0.40 to 6.60)

1.10 (0.12 to 2.20)

n.s.

IL-1β

1.10 (0.37 to 10.025)

1.95 (1.15 to 4.30)

n.s.

0.70 (0.32 to 3.37

1.80 (0.60 to 9.30)

n.s.

IL-2

6.20 (1.50 to 15.20)

2.15 (1.57 to 4.05)

n.s.

6.50 (1.10 to 12.80)

2.50 (1.35 to 6.12)

n.s.

IL-8

8.75 (6.70 to 40.75)

27.15 (8.72 to 52.37)

n.s.

7.40 (4.70 to 29.30)

24.85 (4.22 to 197.40)

n.s.

IL-12

6.40 (2.00 to 22.70)

4.05 (1.77 to 18.02)

n.s.

4.20 (1.70 to 25.50)

3.30 (2.02 to 20.65)

n.s.

IL-10

3.25 (0.90 to 12.12)

2.50 (1.95 to 4.40)

n.s.

4.20 (1.55 to 11.65)

4.60 (2.50 to 5.80)

n.s.

IL-6

8.10 (3.50 to 38.10)

5.50 (2.90 to 6.50)

n.s.

11.25 (1.55 to 25.57)

9.40 (5.20 to 12.90)

n.s.