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Table 1 Synthetic murine models of lupus

From: Susceptibility genes in the pathogenesis of murine lupus

Model [reference]

Affected function

Fas [42], FasL [43], Bcl2[44]

Regulation of apoptosis

Sap [25], C1q [26], C4 [27], DNAse [28]

Clearance of antigen, such as apoptotic bodies and DNA

Ctla-4 [30], p21 [32], PD-1 [33], Lyn [38–40], Fyn [41]

Activation and regulation of T cells

BLyS [35–37], PD-1 [33], Lyn [38–40], Fyn [41], FcγRIIB [51]

Activation and regulation of B cells

FcγRIII [53], ICAM-1 [46]

Proinflammatory mechanisms

  1. BLyS, B-lymphocyte stimulator; FasL, Fas ligand; ICAM-1, intracellular adhesion molecule-1.