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Table 3 The diagnostic value of morning stiffness (duration and severity) in early arthritis for classifying RA

From: Reappraisal of the diagnostic and prognostic value of morning stiffness in arthralgia and early arthritis: results from the Groningen EARC, Leiden EARC, ESPOIR, Leiden EAC and REACH

 

OR (95% CI) adjusted for age and gender

OR (95% CI) adjusted for age, gender, SJC, ACPA, RF ESR and symptom duration

Sensitivity

Specificity

PPV

NPV

Leiden EAC

      

≥30 minutes

3.37 (2.83-4.03)

2.22 (1.66-2.96)

77.0%

51.5%

53.5%

75.5%

≥60 minutes

2.92 (2.47-3.44)

1.72 (1.31-2.25)

61.2%

66.1%

56.7%

70.1%

≥90 minutes

2.44 (2.04-2.92)

1.61 (1.19-2.18)

39.1%

80.3%

59.0%

64.5%

VAS 34-67 mm

1.87 (1.48-2.36)

2.10 (1.43-3.09)

56.5%

60.0%

49.1%

66.8%

VAS ≥68 mm

2.38 (1.89-3.00)

1.93 (1.32-2.83)

60.7%

61.8%

55.3%

66.8%

ESPOIR

      

≥30 minutes

2.64 (1.81-3.87)

1.76 (1.07-2.88)

74.2%

47.8%

87.6%

27.1%

≥60 minutes

2.33 (1.59-3.44)

1.68 (1.03-2.74)

55.4%

64.7%

88.7%

22.6%

≥90 minutes

2.02 (1.28-3.20)

1.64 (0.92-2.92)

32.5%

80.9%

89.4%

19.4%

VAS 34-67 mm

2.04 (1.32-3.17)

1.93 (1.10-3.37)

61.0%

56.3%

85.7%

25.1%

VAS 68–100 mm

2.46 (1.53-3.96)

1.65 (0.88-3.11)

57.3%

63.7%

87.6%

25.1%

  1. RA is classified according to the 2010 ACR-EULAR criteria. VAS: (0 to 100 mm). In the analyses of VAS morning stiffness three categories were formed, the reference group was a VAS 0 to 33 mm. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of the VAS morning stiffness were calculated against this reference group. RA, rheumatoid arthritis; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; SJC, swollen joint count; ACPA, anti-citrullinated protein antibody; RF, rheumatoid factor; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; EAC, Early Arthritis Clinic; VAS, visual analogue scale; ESPOIR, Evaluation et Suivi de POlyarthrites Indifférenciées Récentes; ACR, American College of Rheumatology; EULAR, European League Against Rheumatism.