Skip to main content
Fig. 4 | Arthritis Research & Therapy

Fig. 4

From: Transvenous vagus nerve stimulation does not modulate the innate immune response during experimental human endotoxemia: a randomized controlled study

Fig. 4

Cytokine production of leukocytes stimulated ex vivo with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). a Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. b Interleukin (IL)-6. Data expressed as mean and SEM of 10 subjects per group. Within-group changes over time were all highly significant (p < 0.0001 for all parameters in both groups, calculated using repeated measures one-way ANOVA). p-values depicted indicate differences between groups over time calculated using repeated measures two-way ANOVA (interaction term). tVNS transvenous vagus nerve stimulation

Back to article page

Arthritis Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1478-6362

Contact us