Fig. 2

Neurotransmitter receptor profile during course of CIA. Adrenergic receptors alpha 1D, alpha 2B, and beta 2 and muscarinic ACh receptor M5 and the alternative VIP receptor PACAP receptor 1 were stained in BMMs from control and CIA animals 20 (a) and 40 (b) days post immunization. Paraformaldehyde-fixed cells were stained after 5 days of differentiation in the presence of M-CSF and RANKL, and sections containing only BMMs were photographed. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI. N = 4 (control and CIA). Magnification 200×. ACh acetylcholine, AChR acetylcholine receptor, BMM bone marrow-derived macrophage, CIA collagen II-induced arthritis, DAPI 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, M-CSF macrophage colony-stimulating factor, NA noradrenaline, PACAP pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide, RANKL receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa-B ligand, VIP vasoactive intestinal peptide