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Table 2 Analysis of angular displacements during the application of 1 Nm moment in flexion and extension and axial rotation motions

From: The biological basis of degenerative disc disease: proteomic and biomechanical analysis of the canine intervertebral disc

Movement

CD canines

NCD canines

p value

95 % CI

Flexion

Zero crossing displacement

0.01° (±0.02)

0.01° (±0.03)

0.850

−0.003, 0.024

Halfway from zero to peak displacement

1.16° (±0.39)

0.73° (±0.16)

0.000

0.584, 0.876

Peak displacement

2.29° (±0.79)

1.44° (±0.33)

0.000

1.150, 1.735

Halfway from peak to zero displacement

1.15° (±0.39)

0.72° (±0.16)

0.000

0.573, 0.866

Extension

Zero crossing displacement

0.00° (±0.00)

0.00° (±0.00)

0.753

−0.001, 0.002

Halfway from zero to peak displacement

−0.82° (±0.28)

−0.44° (±0.19)

0.000

−0.554, −0.220

Peak displacement

−1.61° (±0.53)

−0.86° (±0.38)

0.000

−1.063, −0.434

Halfway from peak to zero displacement

−0.78° (±0.27)

−0.43° (±0.20)

0.000

−0.514, −0.185

Right axial rotation

Zero crossing displacement

0.00° (±0.01)

0.00° (±0.03)

0.358

−0.002, 0.001

Halfway from zero to peak displacement

0.55° (±0.25)

0.37° (±0.17)

0.016

0.036, 0.334

Peak displacement

1.10° (±0.50)

0.73° (±0.35)

0.017

0.071, 0.663

Halfway from peak to zero displacement

0.55° (±0.25)

0.36° (±0.17)

0.017

0.035, 0.331

Left axial rotation

Zero crossing displacement

0.00° (±0.01)

0.00° (±0.00)

0.492

−0.001, 0.001

Halfway from zero to peak displacement

−0.60° (±0.20)

−0.38° (±0.24)

0.007

−0.374, −0.066

Peak displacement

−1.20° (±0.41)

−0.73° (±0.48)

0.003

−0.778, −0.172

Halfway from peak to zero displacement

−0.56° (±0.21)

−0.34° (±0.22)

0.005

−0.366, −0.069

  1. CD chondrodystrophic, CI confidence interval, NCD Non-chondrodystrophic
  2. Statistically significant differences between the NCD and CD motion segments in both flexion and extension and axial rotation motions are observed, indicating that the CD motion segments incur greater displacement (decreased stiffness) than the NCD motion segments
  3. p < 0.05 was considered significant