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Table 3 Technical features of laser use in the studies included for meta-analysis

From: The effectiveness of low-level laser therapy for nonspecific chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study

Laser type

Laser model (Manufacturer)

Treatment time/Number of total sessions/Number of sessions per week

Laser continuous output

Energy density (J/cm2)

Energy per point (J/point per session)

Klein and Eek 1990 [13]

GaAs 904 nm

Omniprobe

20 m/12/3

20 W

1.3

1.3

Soriano and Rios 1998 [14]

GaAs 904 nm

NA

NA/10/5

40 mW

4

6*10-6

Basford et al. 1999 [15]

Nd: YAG 1060 nm

NA

12 m/12/3

542 mW

239.3

48.78

Gur et al. 2003 [16]

GaAs 904 nm

Class IIIb Laser Product

30 m/20/5

4.2 mW

1

1

Djavid et al. 2007 [17]

GaAlAs 810 nm

NA

20 m/12/2

50 mW

27

5.9697

Vallone et al. 2014 [18]

GaAlAs 980 nm

LEONARDO BIO

6 m/9/3

20 W

37.5

1200

Hsieh et al. 2014 [12]

GaAlAs 890 nm

Anodyne

40 m/6/3

780 mW

10.4

NA

  1. NA not available