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Table 1 Lower and upper limits of detection (LLOD and ULOD, respectively) for measured biochemical factors in serum samples (pg/ml)

From: Serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 vary based on diagnoses in individuals with lumbar intervertebral disc diseases

Biochemical factor

LLOD (pg/ml)

ULOD (pg/ml)

% Detected

IL-1β

0.069

495

9%

IL-2

0.055

1460

59%

IL-4

0.025

198

28%

IL-6

0.068

767

98%

IL-8

0.073

498

100%

IL-10

0.058

334

99%

IL-12p70

0.078

1460

42%

IL-13

0.50

466

41%

TNF-α

0.085

312

100%

IFN-γ

0.30

1460

98%

MMP-1

4.44

100,000

100%

MMP-3

5.10

100,000

100%

MMP-9

37.73

500,000

100%

  1. Percentage detected (% detected) is the percentage of samples with concentrations at or above the LLOD