Table 4 Associations stratified by time from inclusion to diagnosis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome
From: Cigarette smoking and the risk of primary Sjögren’s syndrome: a nested case control study
Time period ≤8.2 years (n = 32) OR (95% CI) | Exposed (cases/controls) | Time period >8.2 years (n = 31) OR (95% CI) | Exposed (cases/controls) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Smoking | Not current smokers | Reference | 27/87 | Reference | 23/72 |
Current smokers | 0.3 (0.1–0.9) | 4/40 | 0.3 (0.1–0.8) | 6/52 | |
Never smokers | Reference | 11/58 | Reference | 7/38 | |
Former smokers | 4.9 (1.6–15.2) | 16/29 | 3.4 (1.1–10.8) | 16/34 | |
Current smokers | 0.5 (0.1–1.8) | 4/40 | 0.5 (0.1–2.0) | 6/52 | |
Socioeconomic status | White-collar worker | Reference | 13/65 | Reference | 13/66 |
Blue-collar worker | 1.4 (0.5–3.8) | 11/51 | 1.3 (0.5–3.7) | 11/38 | |
Other | 2.0 (0.3–14.3) | 2/6 | 2.6 (0.5–14.4) | 4/10 | |
Education | Medium/high | Reference | 18/74 | Reference | 15/70 |
Low | 1.1 (0.4–2.5) | 13/53 | 1.1 (0.4–3.2) | 12/46 |