Fig. 7

Effects of PPARβ/δ activation on endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress markers induced by incubation of plasma from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Bip, IRE-1α, PERK, ATF-6, and CHOP mRNA levels, and protein expression of phospho-PERK, phospho-IRE-1α, ATF-6, and CHOP in HUVECs incubated in plasma from patients with SLE with active nephritis (AN) or healthy controls (Ctrol), in the presence and/or absence of GW0742 and GSK0660. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 5–6). ^* P < 0.05 and ^** P < 0.01 vs Ctrol. ^# P < 0.05 and ^## P < 0.01vs without PPAR agonist. ⁺ P < 0.05 and ⁺⁺ P < 0.01 vs GW0742 column