Fig. 6
From: Blockade of TGF-β/Smad signaling by the small compound HPH-15 ameliorates experimental skin fibrosis
The effect of the histidine-pyridine-histidine ligand HPH-15 on the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of macrophage markers and transcription factors. Skin samples from normal, vehicle-treated, and HPH-15-treated mice were harvested 14 days after bleomycin (BLM) injection. Total RNA was extracted, and expression of arginase 1 (Arg1), Ym1, inducible NO synthase (iNOS) (a), Friend leukemia integration 1 (Fli1), and Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) (b) mRNAs were quantitatively analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. Each sample was repeated in duplicate. All values represent mean ± SEM; n = 4–5 per group. * p ≤ 0.05