Dysregulated heme oxygenase-1low M2-like macrophages augment lupus nephritis via Bach1 induced by type I interferons

Table 1 Clinical features of patients with lupus nephritis at renal biopsy

Characteristics of all patients with SLE (n = 19)	Data
Female sex, n (%)	15 (78.9)
Age, years	31.0 ± 10.9
Duration of SLE, years	6.1 ± 7.6
Duration of LN, years	2.8 ± 5.8
Initial diagnosis of LN at renal biopsy, n (%)	13 (68.4)
ISN/RPS classification, n
III (A)	4
(A/C)	6 (3)^a
IV-S (A)	0
(A/C)	3 (1)^a
-G (A)	2
(A/C)	3
V	1
SLEDAI score	16.0 ± 8.9
PSL, n (%)	12 (63.2)
Dosage of PSL, mg/day	15.0 ± 12.4
Concomitant immunosuppressants^b, n (%)	4 (21.1)
Urine protein, g/24 h	1.88 ± 1.93
Serum C3, mg/dl	60.1 ± 22.7 (normal range 70–129)
Serum C4, mg/dl	10.6 ± 6.9 (normal range 12–36)
Serum creatinine, mg/dl	0.65 ± 0.18 (normal range 0.48–0.82)
Anti-DNA- or anti-dsDNA antibody-positive^c, n (%)	17 (89.4)

Abbreviations: dsDNA Double-stranded DNA, ISN/RPS International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society, LN Lupus nephritis, SLE Systemic lupus erythematosus, SLEDAI SLE Disease Activity Index, PSL Prednisolone, C3 Complement component C3, C4 Complement component C4
Data are shown as number (%) or mean ± SD
^aNumbers in parentheses show number of patients with class V component
^bConcomitant immunosuppressants included mycophenolate mofetil, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, and tacrolimus
^cAnti-DNA and anti-dsDNA antibody were determined by radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively

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