| ACE (n = 10) | CE (n = 10) | Control (n = 11) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Pre | Post | Pre | Post | Pre | Post |
ACh CVC | 0.14 ± 0.06 | 0.19 ± 0.08 | 0.20 ± 0.11 | 0.26 ± 0.1 | 0.20 ± 0.08 | 0.15 ± 0.08 |
ACh CVCmax | 1.28 ± 0.78 | 1.56 ± 0.88* | 1.49 ± 0.99 | 1.26 ± 0.52 | 1.40 ± 0.78 | 0.82 ± 0.47 |
ACh Tmax (sec) | 159.4 ± 83 | 104.1 ± 71.8 | 172 ± 57.9 | 119.4 ± 82.9 | 127.9 ± 51.1 | 149.9 ± 70.3 |
SNP CVC | 0.15 ± 0.08 | 0.24 ± 0.14 | 0.21 ± 0.11 | 0.25 ± 0.08 | 0.20 ± 0.09 | 0.20 ± 0.1 |
SNP CVCmax | 1.73 ± 2.01 | 1.88 ± 1.52 | 1.61 ± 1.21 | 2.38 ± 1.8 | 1.70 ± 1.3 | 1.40 ± 0.56 |
SNP Tmax (sec) | 161.2 ± 88.5 | 131.3 ± 77.5 | 167.4 ± 66.3 | 138.8 ± 80.5 | 165.5 ± 56.5 | 166.9 ± 76.4 |
ΔTcpO2 | 2.5 ± 4.0 | 9.2 ± 12.1 | 1.56 ± 4.8 | 1.56 ± 9.5 | 1.39 ± 3.4 | 0.89 ± 2.6 |
ΔTcpO2max | 11.5 ± 3.9 | 18.4 ± 16.5 | 11.7 ± 3.6 | 13.6 ± 9.6 | 9.44 ± 7.7 | 8.0 ± 7.0 |
V̇O2peak (ml kg− 1 min− 1) | 17.7 ± 4.7 | 21.9 ± 7.1* | 14.6 ± 2.9 | 18.5 ± 2.8* | 14.3 ± 6.9 | 14.7 ± 6.2 |
Life satisfaction | 6.5 ± 1.6 | 8.1 ± 1.7*** | 8.4 ± 1.4* | 8.8 ± 1.1*** | 7.5 ± 1.6 | 4.9 ± 1.5 |
Mobility | 2.4 ± 1.0 | 2.3 ± 0.8 | 1.9 ± 0.9 | 1.7 ± 1.0 | 1.9 ± 0.9 | 2.3 ± 1.2 |
Self-care | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.4 ± 0.9 | 1.7 ± 1.4 |
Usual activity | 2.3 ± 1.3 | 1.9 ± 1.1 | 1.9 ± 1.0 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 1.8 ± 1.0 | 2.4 ± 1.2 |
Pain/ discomfort | 2.4 ± 1.0 | 2.3 ± 1.1 | 2.8 ± 1.1 | 1.8 ± 0.9 | 2.4 ± 0.7 | 2.8 ± 1.2 |
Anxiety/ depression | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 1.9 ± 1.4 |
Raynaud’s pain | 2.4 ± 1.4 | 1.8 ± 0.6* | 2.6 ± 1.5 | 1.9 ± 1.2* | 2.4 ± 0.9 | 3.1 ± 1.1 |