Skip to main content

Table 3 Regression results of definite neuropathic-like knee pain versus possible- and non-neuropathic-like knee pain

From: Neuropathic-like knee pain and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional study in a UK community sample

  

OR (95% CI)

Non-NKP

Possible NKP

Definite NKP

Crude

Adjusted

Crude

Adjusted

(n = 1685)

(n = 462)

 

(n = 366)

 

Age

1 (Reference)

0.99 (0.99; 1.00)

–

0.99 (0.98; 1.00)

–

Body mass index

1

1.04 (1.02; 1.06)

–

1.08 (1.06; 1.10)

–

Gender

1

0.98 (0.79; 1.21)

–

1.50 (1.18; 1.91)

–

Pain severity

1

1.37 (1.31–1.45)

–

2.08 (1.93; 2.25)

–

Putative factors

 High-risk occupation

1

1.63 (1.33; 2.01)

1.57 (1.24; 1.99)

1.29 (1.03–1.61)

1.17 (0.89; 1.54)

 Significant injury

1

1.42 (1.14; 1.77)

1.36 (1.07; 1.73)

1.47 (1.15; 1.88)

1.50 (1.12; 2.00)

 2D:4D digit ratio

1

1.00 (0.99; 1.00)

0.99 (0.99; 1.00)

1.00 (0.99; 1.00)

0.99 (0.99; 1.00)

 Nodal OA

1

1.30 (0.98; 1.72)

1.34 (0.98; 1.83)

1.99 (1.50; 2.63)

1.80 (1.28; 2.53)

Comorbidities

 Hypertension

1

1.34 (1.08; 1.65)

1.18 (0.92; 1.52)

1.35 (1.07; 1.70)

1.09 (0.80; 1.47)

 Hyperlipidaemia

1

1.22 (0.98; 1.53)

1.12 (0.86; 1.44)

1.54 (1.22; 1.95)

1.36 (1.01; 1.84)

 Stroke

1

1.00 (0.55; 1.83)

0.97 (0.52; 1.84)

1.37 (0.76; 2.46)

0.92 (0.44; 1.92)

 Diabetes

1

1.62 (1.20; 2.19)

1.32 (0.94; 1.85)

2.19 (1.62; 2.96)

1.52 (1.04; 2.23)

 Multiple regional pain

1

1.76 (1.43; 2.18)

1.63 (1.29; 2.05)

2.52 (2.00; 3.17)

1.93 (1.46; 2.53)

Central factors

 Anxiety

1

2.20 (1.74; 2.76)

1.79 (1.38; 2.32)

5.08 (3.99; 6.45)

3.17 (2.38; 4.23)

 Depression

1

2.66 (1.99; 3.55)

1.96 (1.42; 2.70)

6.20 (4.71; 8.15)

2.99 (2.14; 4.19)

Pain Catastrophising

 Scale

  Lowest tertile

1

Reference

   

  Middle tertile

 

2.46 (1.64; 3.67)

2.03 (1.32; 3.10)

2.01 (1.05; 3.84)

1.31 (0.66; 2.60)

  Highest tertile

 

5.91 (4.05; 8.62)

3.63 (2.40; 5.48)

16.12 (9.12; 28.49)

5.37 (2.93; 9.84)

 Fatigue

  Lowest tertile

1

Reference

   

  Middle tertile

 

1.41 (1.03; 1.93)

1.15 (0.82; 1.62)

3.22 (1.89; 5.48)

2.45 (1.38; 4.38)

  Highest tertile

 

2.77 (2.05; 3.75)

1.91 (1.38; 2.66)

11.12 (6.69; 18.47)

5.37 (3.08; 9.35)

  Fibromyalgia

1

1.87 (1.16; 3.03)

1.56 (0.92; 2.66)

5.79 (3.90; 8.61)

4.07 (2.49; 6.66)

Treatment

 Opioids

1

1.98 (1.54; 2.54)

1.46 (1.11; 1.92)

3.03 (2.35;3.91)

1.70 (1.26; 2.31)

 NSAIDs

1

1.22 (0.82; 1.81)

1.01 (0.66; 1.56)

2.03 (1.40; 2.95)

1.75 (1.13; 2.72)

 OTC painkillers

1

1.66 (1.33; 2.07)

1.39 (1.09; 1.78)

1.76 (1.38; 2.24)

1.28 (0.96; 1.71)

 Aspirin

1

1.31 (0.96; 1.79)

1.12 (0.79; 1.60)

1.66 (1.20; 2.28)

1.40 (0.94; 2.09)

 Current statin use

1

0.99 (0.99; 1.00)

0.99 (0.99; 1.00)

0.99 (0.99; 1.00)

1.00 (0.99; 1.00)

 Statin use ever

1

0.99 (0.99;0.99)

0.99 (0.99; 1.00)

0.99 (0.99; 0.99)

0.99 (0.99; 1.00)

 Injection

1

2.04 (1.59; 2.61)

1.66 (1.27; 2.18)

3.52 (2.74; 4.52)

2.39 (1.76; 3.23)

Pain experience

 ICOAP overall

1

1.04 (1.03; 1.05)

1.03 (1.02; 1.04)

1.08 (1.07; 1.09)

1.05 (1.04; 1.07)

 ICOAP intermittent

1

1.04 (1.03; 1.04)

1.02 (1.02; 1.03)

1.07 (1.06; 1.08)

1.04 (1.04; 1.05)

 ICOAP constant

1

1.04 (1.03; 1.04)

1.05 (1.04; 1.06)

1.07 (1.06; 1.08)

1.05 (1.04; 1.06)

  1. Abbreviations: ICOAP Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain measure, NKP Neuropathic-like knee pain, NSAIDs Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, OA Osteoarthritis, OTC Over the counter
  2. Non-NKP is non-neuropathic-like knee pain; likely NKP is likely neuropathic pain; and definite NKP is definite neuropathic-like knee pain
  3. The non-KP group is the referent group, and hence a ‘1’ represents this in the table
  4. Note: Significant associations are highlighted in bold. For comparison purposes, we only present crude and age-, gender-, BMI- and pain severity-adjusted OR for each factor
Back to article page

Arthritis Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1478-6362

Contact us