Table 2 Baseline patient characteristics in relation to low BMD at baseline
Variable | Low BMD at baseline | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
No (n = 100) | Yes (n = 19) | ||
Age (years) | 35 ± 9 | 32 ± 11 | 0.245 |
Male sex | 75 (75) | 16 (84) | 0.558 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.1 ± 3.2 | 23.5 ± 4.2 | 0.671 |
Current smoking | 30 (30) | 6 (32) | 1.000 |
Alcohol ≥ 3 units/day | 3 (3) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
Symptom duration (years) | 8 ± 7 | 9 ± 8 | 0.615 |
Family history of axSpA | 10 (10) | 2 (11) | 1.000 |
HLA B27-positive | 92 (92) | 18 (95) | 1.000 |
Peripheral arthritis | 24 (24) | 3 (16) | 0.559 |
Radiographic sacroiliitis | 73 (73) | 17 (90) | 0.154 |
BASDAI score (range, 0–10) | 3.9 ± 2.2 | 3.8 ± 2.0 | 0.849 |
BASFI score | 1.7 ± 2.1 | 1.9 ± 2.0 | 0.672 |
ESR (mm/h) | 21 ± 20 | 32 ± 18 | 0.019 |
CRP (mg/L) | 7.4 ± 13.4 | 18.0 ± 19.2 | 0.032 |
ASDAS-ESR | 2.5 ± 1.2 | 2.9 ± 1.0 | 0.169 |
ASDAS-CRP | 2.1 ± 1.3 | 2.7 ± 1.2 | 0.051 |
mSASSS | 7 ± 14 | 11 ± 16 | 0.215 |
Number of syndesmophytes | 2.1 ± 4.7 | 3.1 ± 5.6 | 0.430 |
Presence of syndesmophytes | 28 (28) | 6 (32) | 0.785 |
Patients on NSAIDs | 88 (88) | 18 (95) | 0.690 |
Patients on sulfasalazine | 33 (33) | 9 (47) | 0.296 |
Patients on TNF inhibitors | 28 (28) | 8 (42) | 0.227 |
Patients on bisphosphonate | 0 (0) | 2 (11) | 0.024 |
Patients on calcium | 10 (10) | 7 (37) | 0.006 |
Patients on vitamin D | 10 (10) | 8 (42) | 0.002 |